IB Chemistry Sub-topic S1.4 Notes

In reactions, substances are often measured in moles (n). This is a measure of the number of particles given by Avogadro’s number (N_A) equal to 6.022 x 10²³ particles/mole. It relates to the number of particles that would make Carbon-12 exactly 12 grams as the standard element. Therefore, just like one million is 1,000,000, one mole is 6.022 x 10²³ particles. 

Note that this describes the number of particles so 1 mole of any diatomic molecule, such as H₂, has 1.2044 x 10²⁴ atoms because every molecule (and therefore particle) has two component atoms.