IB Chemistry S3.1 Definitions
This page contains our IB Chemistry definitions for S3.1. By learning each one of these definitions, you will fully cover the content for IB Chemistry 'Periodic table & trends'.
anion
Non-metals that gain valence electrons to gain a negative charge
atomic radius
Distance from nucleus to valence electron
cation
Positive ions. Commonly metals that lose valence electrons to gain a positive charge.
electron affinity
Energy change during electron addition to an isolated mole of gaseous atoms
electronegativity
Relative measure of the attraction an atom has for a shared pair of electrons when covalently bonded to another atom
electrostatic attraction
The attraction of opposite charges between the positive nucleus and negative electrons
first ionization energy
The energy required to remove one electron from amole of atoms in a gaseous atoms, expressed in kJ/mol
group
one column of the periodic table
ionic radius
Distance from nucleus to valence electron of cation or anion
nuclear charge
The amount of positive charage in the nucleus, proportional to the number of protons
period
one row of the periodic table
Periodic table
The periodic table is table of all known elements organized in order of increasing atomic number
periodicity
The repeating pattern of physical and chemical properties shown by different periods
shielding effect
The effect of inner electrons taking nuclear charge away from the valence electrons
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