IB Physics D4 Notes

Now that you know how electromagnetic fields function, you need to understand how they are manipulated to our advantage via a process called induction. 

To start, remember that the electromotive force (emf or ε) is the total energy difference per unit charge, measured in volts (V). However, it can be induced in a conductor with no current when it crosses magnetic flux lines. There are two principal ways in which this can happen:

1. Moving a conductor through a magnetic field.
2. Rotating a conductor through a magnetic field.