IB Physics Sub-topic A5 Definitions

The angle at which the axes of one frame of reference deviate from another in a spacetime diagram

Quantities that remain constant and do not vary between observers, including spacetime interval, proper time interval, proper length, and rest mass

The phenomenon where objects appear shorter in the direction of motion when moving at high velocities relative to a stationary observer

A conceptual device used to illustrate time dilation, where the time taken for light to bounce between mirrors increases with the clock's velocity

The concept that the simultaneity of events depends on the observer's frame of reference, meaning events that are simultaneous in one frame may not be in another

The phenomenon where time appears to move slower for objects moving at higher velocities relative to a stationary observer