IB Physics Sub-topic B4 Definitions

A process with no heat transfer, where the system's temperature changes due to compression or expansion

A theoretical engine with maximum possible efficiency, operating through adiabatic and isothermal processes

A constant source of low temperature that absorbs thermal energy from the heat engine

The measure of distribution of available energy among particles, measured in JK^-1mol^-1

It is the total kinetic energy of all particles in an object

A device that converts thermal energy into work through cyclical processes involving a hot and a cold reservoir

A constant source of high temperature that releases thermal energy to the heat engine

It is the total energy of all particles in an object

A process occurring at constant pressure, with changes in volume

A process occurring at constant volume, with changes in pressure

A process occurring at constant temperature, involving heat transfer to maintain the temperature

A specific configuration of particles in a system, with entropy related to the number of possible microstates

It is the average kinetic energy of an object's particles

It is the movement of thermal energy from a hot object to a cold object