IB Biology Sub-topic D4.2 Notes

Ecosystem stability is the ability of an ecosystem to maintain its structure and function over long periods of time and despite disturbances. It is a natural property of an ecosystem that is the product of multiple factors since ecosystems are dynamic and subject to constant change. 

Whilst some factors are cyclical, such as seasons, others longer, ecosystems tend to remain stable over extremely long-time frames. The key requirements for ecosystem stability are: 

1. Sufficient genetic diversity
2. Sufficient energy supplies
3. Nutrient recycling
4. Climatic variables within tolerance levels

However, any shift in biotic or abiotic factors can bring diversion from the seasonal norms. Natural cycles, natural disasters, and human activity are all capable of altering ecosystem stability.